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Global Supply Chains 1. The COVID 19 pandemic has disrupted the supply chains and countries are dependent on other countries for items of basic necessities including pharmaceuticals. 2. So, the nations should build supply chains inside the country. Where does it make an impact? 1. China has monopolized the world trade as more than 9 lakh companies are operating in China. So, during the pandemic i. The supply disrupted as manufacturing process stopped in China. ii. This has led to shortage of medicines, manufacturing, Infrastructure etc. across the world. 2. Every country would now move towards the protectionism, atleast in essential commodities like medicines, infrastructure etc. 3. As per WTO, global trade for 2020 will see a downfall ranging from 13% - 32%. 4. IMF has forecasted 3% economic slowdown that will surely jeopardize economic activities of many countries. 5. Idea of realigning towards self-sufficiency would be prioritized by the g...

1. The National Population Register (NPR) was approved by the Union Cabinet. 2. But NPR is being opposed as it is seen as the first step towards the National Register of Citizens (NRC). What are NPR and NRC? NPR 1. National Population Register (NPR) is a register of usual residents of the country, except Assam state as NRC was completed. 2. A usual resident is one who has been residing in a local area for at least the last six months or intends to stay in a particular location for the next six months. 3. NPR contains information collected at the local, subdistrict, district, state and national level under provisions of, a) Citizenship Act, 1955 b) Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003. 4. The objective is to create a comprehensive identity database of every usual resident in the country. NRC 1. It is an official record of those who are legal Indian citizens. The register was first prepared after the 1951 Census of India. 2. ...

1. Supreme Court has used extraordinary powers under Article 142 of the Constitution to grant the divorce in a case of ‘irretrievable breakdown of marriage’. 2. Currently, Hindu marriage law does not include ‘irretrievable breakdown of marriage’ as a ground for divorce. Extraordinary powers 1. Article 142 (1) states that the Supreme Court in the exercise of its jurisdiction may pass necessary order for doing complete justice in any pending matter. 2. Such passed order would be enforceable throughout the territory of India having the effect of parliamentary law until provision on that matter is made. 3. The article entrusts ultimate power in the Supreme Court for ensuring ‘complete justice’. This power is usually used in cases involving human rights and environmental protection. Ground for divorce 1. The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 lays down the law for divorce which applies to Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs. 2. Under Section 13 of the Act, t...

इकोनॉमिस्ट इंटेलिजेंस यूनिट ने हाल ही में ‘सेफ सिटीज इंडेक्स’ जारी किया है, इस सूचकांक में टोक्यो पहले स्थान पर है। इस सूचकांक में 60 देशों के शहरों को शामिल किया गया है, इसम...

The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) clarified that former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh continues to have Z plus security cover, after the withdrawal of Special Protection Group (SPG) from his security. Around 35 CRPF commandos will provide round-the-clock security to him under the changed set-up. About: In India, Government of India provides security to some high-risk individuals by the police and local government. Individuals under this security blanket include the President, Vice-President, Prime-Minister, Supreme Court and High Court Judges, Service Chiefs of Indian Armed Forces, Governors of State, Chief Ministers and Cabinet Ministers. Categories of security: Special Protection Group (SPG) category: Strength of security detail is Classified (only provided to the current and former Prime Ministers of India and their immediate family members.) Z+ category: It has a security cover of 55 personnel (Including 10+ NSG Commando) + (Police Personnel) Z category: It ha...

RBI has decided to transfer a sum of ₹1.7 Lakh crore to the Government of India – comprising of ₹1.2 Lakh crore of surplus for the year 2018-19 and ₹52,637 crore of excess provisions identified as per the revised Economic Capital Framework (ECF) adopted – to address the fiscal situation of the government to a great extent. About:  Reserve Bank of India (RBI) had constituted an “Expert Committee to Review the Extant Economic Capital Framework of the RBI” under the Chairmanship of Dr. Bimal Jalan. Major recommendations of the Committee with regard to risk provisioning and surplus distribution are as follows: RBI’s economic capital: A clearer distinction between the two components of economic capital (realized equity and revaluation balances) was recommended. Realized equity could be used for meeting all risks/ losses as they were primarily built up from retained earnings. Revaluation balances could be reckoned only as risk b...

Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) handed over the design of Mobile Metallic Ramp (MMR) to the Indian Army. About: The MMR has been designed and developed by DRDO’s premier research laboratory, Centre for Fire, Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES). With load bearing capacity of 70 metric ton (MT), MMR will provide the strategic mobility for Armoured and Mechanized units and formations of the Army. It is portable, modular in design, which can be easily assembled or disassembled.